Every brace, orthosis, prosthetic component, mobility aid and assistive device a physiatrist is expected to know — classic board devices through 2026 rehabilitation technology — each with indications, biomechanics, prescription pearls, complications and coding, illustrated with manufacturer photographs.
Over-door cervical traction · Pronex pneumatic cervical traction · Saunders cervical home traction device · Aspen Vista CTO · Four-poster brace · Lerman Minerva CTO · Minerva cervicothoracic orthosis · SOMI brace · Yale cervicothoracic orthosis · Stifneck extrication collar · Halo vest orthosis · Halo-gravity traction · Cervical support pillow · Headmaster collar · HeadUp collar · Aspen cervical collar · Aspen Vista collar · Malibu collar · Miami J collar · NecLoc collar · Newport collar · Philadelphia collar · Soft cervical collar
Chairback (Knight) LSO · Cowhorn brace · Knight-Taylor brace · Taylor brace (TLSO) · Williams flexion orthosis · CASH brace (cruciform anterior spinal hyperextension orthosis) · Jewett hyperextension TLSO · Abdominal binder · Maternity pelvic support belt · Sacroiliac belt · Trochanteric belt · Bivalved clamshell TLSO · Custom molded TLSO (body jacket) · Lumbosacral corset · Prefabricated off-the-shelf LSO (Aspen / DeRoyal type) · Rigid LSO (sagittal / sagittal-coronal control) · Thoracolumbar corset · Boston brace (underarm TLSO) · Charleston bending brace · Chêneau-Gensingen brace · Milwaukee brace (CTLSO) · Providence nighttime scoliosis brace · Rigo-Chêneau brace · ScoliBrace · SpineCor dynamic brace · Wilmington brace · Halo-gravity traction · Mehta serial derotational casting · Risser localizer cast
Acromioclavicular brace (Kenny Howard sling) · Clavicle strap (figure-of-eight) · Dynamic (spring-loaded) elbow extension/flexion splint · Static progressive turnbuckle elbow orthosis · Elbow hyperextension block brace · Elbow immobilizer (rigid, without joints) · Hinged elbow brace with adjustable ROM stops · Elbow pad for ulnar neuropathy · Golfer's elbow (medial) counterforce strap · Night extension splint for cubital tunnel syndrome · Tennis elbow counterforce strap · Bobath roll and hemiplegic shoulder positioning devices · GivMohr sling · Hemi arm sling and humeral cuff sling · Neoprene shoulder subluxation support and shoulder strapping · Sarmiento functional humeral fracture brace · Airplane (abduction) shoulder orthosis · Gunslinger shoulder orthosis · Shoulder abduction pillow sling · Shoulder external rotation immobilizer · MyoPro powered myoelectric elbow-wrist-hand orthosis · Arm sling (pouch/envelope sling) · Sling-and-swathe (shoulder immobilizer)
Anti-claw (ulnar nerve) MCP extension-block orthosis · Capener / LMB spring coil PIP extension splint · Dorsal blocking orthosis (flexor tendon repair) · Dynamic MCP flexion orthosis · Oval-8 and silver ring finger splints · Radial nerve palsy dynamic extension outrigger · Static-progressive and dynamic wrist stretch devices (JAS / Dynasplint) · Thumb CMC (basal joint) stabilizer · Turnbuckle / static-progressive finger orthosis · Ulnar deviation / MCP realignment orthosis (rheumatoid hand) · 3D-printed custom wrist and hand orthoses · Bioness NESS H200 hand FES orthosis · MyoPro powered hand/grasp module · Neofect NeoMano and Neofect hand devices · SaeboFlex · SaeboGlove · Anti-spasticity ball splint · Buddy taping / buddy straps · Cone splint · Mallet finger (Stack) splint · PIP extension / finger gutter splint · Resting hand splint (functional / safe position splint) · Serial static casting (hand and finger) · Thumb spica orthosis · Ulnar gutter splint · Volar wrist cock-up splint · Ratchet wrist-hand orthosis · Short and long opponens orthosis · Thumb abduction (C-bar) web space orthosis · Universal cuff · Wrist-driven wrist-hand orthosis (tenodesis orthosis)
CROW (Charcot restraint orthotic walker) · Forefoot/heel offloading wedge shoe and half shoe · Removable cast walker and instant total contact cast · Toe filler, partial foot insert and diabetic socks · Total contact cast · CAD-CAM milled and 3D-printed foot orthoses · Metatarsal pad and metatarsal bar · Morton's extension · Prefabricated arch support and heel cup · Rigid functional foot orthosis · Semi-rigid functional foot orthosis · Soft (accommodative) foot orthosis · Supramalleolar orthosis (SMO) · Total contact insert (diabetic multi-density insert) · UCBL insert · Ankle stirrup, lace-up stabilizer and elastic sleeve · CAM walker boot (short and tall) · Low-Dye and kinesiology taping · Plantar fasciitis dorsiflexion night splint and Strassburg sock · Post-operative rigid-sole shoe · Extra-depth and custom-molded therapeutic shoes · Heel lift and shoe lift · Rigid shank and carbon fiber turf-toe plate · Rocker bottom sole · SACH, Thomas and reverse Thomas heels · Sole and heel wedges and flares
Allard ToeOFF and BlueROCKER carbon composite AFO · Carbon leaf-spring AFO for foot drop (WalkOn family) · Ossur AFO Dynamic · TurboMed XTERN external AFO · Conventional metal upright AFO with stirrup · Dorsiflexion-assist AFO (spring wire / Klenzak) · Dual-channel adjustable ankle joint (BiCAAL) · Patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) AFO · Bioness L300 Go (peroneal nerve FES) · Ottobock MyGait FES system · WalkAide FES system · Anterior shell (anterior-entry) AFO · Articulated AFO with plantarflexion stop · Dynamic AFO (DAFO) / tone-reducing AFO · Free-motion articulated AFO · Ground reaction (floor reaction) AFO · Posterior leaf spring AFO · Solid ankle AFO · Spiral and hemispiral AFO · Supramalleolar orthosis (SMO) · Arizona AFO (ankle gauntlet) · Heel suspension boot for pressure injury prevention · Night resting AFO (dorsiflexion night splint) · PRAFO / Multi Podus night positioning boot · Static-progressive and dynamic ankle contracture orthosis
Ponseti foot abduction brace (Denis Browne bar and boots) · Rotational control orthoses (Wheaton brace, twister cables, derotation straps) · Legg-Calve-Perthes containment orthoses · Pavlik harness · Post-operative hip abduction orthosis (and hip spica) · Rigid hip abduction brace (Rhino Cruiser / Ilfeld) · SWASH orthosis · Hip guidance orthosis (ParaWalker) · Hip-knee-ankle-foot orthosis (HKAFO) · Parapodium, swivel walker and standing frame · Reciprocating gait orthosis (RGO, ARGO, isocentric RGO) · Dynamic and static-progressive knee/hip extension orthoses · Elastic knee sleeve and infrapatellar (Osgood-Schlatter) strap · Functional ACL brace · Hinged post-operative ROM knee brace · Knee immobilizer · Patellofemoral (Palumbo) brace · PCL brace · Swedish knee cage · Unloader (valgus-producing) OA knee brace · Bail (pawl) lock knee joint · C-Brace microprocessor stance-and-swing control KAFO · Conventional metal double-upright KAFO · Drop lock (ring lock) knee joint · Ischial weight-bearing KAFO · Offset and polycentric knee joints · Scott-Craig KAFO · Stance-control KAFO (mechanical SCKAFO) · Thermoplastic (molded plastic) KAFO
Canadian hip disarticulation prosthesis · Ischial containment transfemoral socket · Knee disarticulation prosthesis · Osseointegrated (bone-anchored) limb prosthesis · Partial foot prosthesis · Patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) transtibial socket · Subischial transfemoral socket · Syme prosthesis · Total surface bearing (TSB) transtibial socket · Transfemoral quadrilateral socket · Activity-specific limbs: running blades and water legs · Dynamic-response (energy-storing) foot · Hydraulic ankle-foot · Microprocessor-controlled ankle · Powered ankle-foot prosthesis · SACH foot · Single-axis and multi-axial feet · Fluid-controlled knee (pneumatic and hydraulic) · Microprocessor-controlled knee (MPK) · Polycentric (four-bar) knee · Powered knee and knee-ankle systems · Single-axis constant friction and manual locking knees · Weight-activated stance control knee · Distal end pad and total contact · Gel liner (silicone, urethane, TPE) · Prosthetic socks and ply management · Energy cost of prosthetic ambulation by amputation level · Medicare functional K-levels (K0-K4) · Postoperative limb management and the preparatory prosthesis · Transfemoral gait deviations and component troubleshooting · Transtibial gait deviations and alignment troubleshooting · Elevated vacuum suspension · Pin-and-lock (shuttle lock) suspension · PTB supracondylar / suprapatellar socket (PTS) · Suction suspension socket · Supracondylar cuff suspension · Suspension sleeve · Transfemoral auxiliary belt suspension
Pediatric upper limb prosthetic fitting · Sensory feedback and haptic interfaces · Upper limb osseointegration (bone-anchored prosthesis) · Work, sport and activity-specific terminal devices · Body-powered harnesses (figure-of-8, figure-of-9, chest strap, shoulder saddle) · Bowden cable (single-control) system · Dual-control (fair-lead) transhumeral cable system · Body-powered mechanical hand · Voluntary-closing terminal device (TRS GRIP prehensors) · Voluntary-opening split hook (Hosmer / Dorrance 5X, 5XA) · Immediate postoperative prosthesis (IPOP) and early postoperative fitting · Shoulder disarticulation and forequarter prosthesis · Transhumeral and elbow disarticulation socket and suspension · Transradial and wrist disarticulation socket and suspension · Coapt Complete Control (pattern-recognition myoelectric control) · Myoelectric control: two-site two-function, single-site and proportional · Ottobock Myo Plus pattern recognition · Targeted muscle reinnervation (TMR) and regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) · bebionic hand (Ottobock) · Open Bionics Hero Arm · Ossur i-Limb Quantum · Ottobock Michelangelo hand · Ottobock SensorHand Speed and MyoHand VariPlus Speed · PSYONIC Ability Hand · TASKA Hand (TASKA CX, TASKA Hand Gen2) · Body-driven finger prostheses (MCPDriver, PIPDriver, ThumbDriver, GripLock Finger) · Ossur i-Digits Quantum (powered partial hand) · Point Digit, Point Thumb and Point Partial (Point Designs) · Passive prostheses: cosmetic restoration and passive functional hands · Body-powered elbows (internal locking elbow, outside locking hinges) · Externally powered elbows (Utah Arm 3, DynamicArm, ErgoArm, Boston Digital Arm) · Hybrid transhumeral prosthesis · LUKE Arm (DEKA arm, Mobius Bionics) · Wrist units (friction, quick-disconnect, flexion, powered rotator)
Hemi-walker · Ice-tip cane and cane tips · Offset-handle cane · Quad cane · Seat cane · Standard single-point cane · White cane (long cane) · Hands-free crutch · Knee scooter · Axillary crutch · Ergonomic and shock-absorbing crutches · Forearm crutch · Platform (trough) crutch · Body-weight-support treadmill training system · Overhead-track body-weight support system · Parallel bars · Pediatric gait trainer · Standing frame and sit-to-stand stander · Tilt table · Bariatric walker and heavy-duty rollator · Four-wheeled rollator · Platform walker attachment · Standard pick-up walker · Three-wheeled rollator · Two-wheeled (front-wheeled) walker · U-Step walker
Head array drive control · Proportional joystick, compact and mini joysticks, chin control · Sip-and-puff drive control · Switch and scanning control, attendant control and alternative access · Front rigging, armrests and casters · Handrims and propulsion interfaces · Rear axle position and wheel camber · Wheel locks and anti-tippers · All-terrain and off-road wheelchairs · Bariatric heavy-duty manual wheelchair · Hemi-height (low-seat) wheelchair · Lightweight and high-strength lightweight folding wheelchair · Manual tilt-in-space and reclining-back wheelchair · One-arm-drive wheelchair · Pediatric and growth-frame manual wheelchair · Sport wheelchairs - court, racing and handcycle · Standard (depot) manual wheelchair · Transport chair · Ultralightweight rigid-frame wheelchair · Medicare mobility assistive equipment coverage framework · Wheelchair measurement, mat evaluation and pressure mapping · Push-rim activated power assist (PAPAW) · SmartDrive and rear-mounted add-on power assist · iBOT personal mobility device (stair-climbing) · Power tilt, recline, elevating legrests and seat elevation · Power wheelchair drive-wheel configuration · Power wheelchair groups 1 to 5 · Standing power wheelchair · Three- and four-wheel scooter (power-operated vehicle) · Air-cell (dry flotation) cushion · Back supports, lateral trunk supports and headrests · Custom-contoured and molded seating · Foam, gel, hybrid, honeycomb and alternating-pressure cushions · Pelvic positioning - belts, subASIS bar, anti-thrust seat and thigh supports
Bedside commode (3-in-1) and toilet safety frame · Bidet/washlet seat and toilet aid (bottom wiper) · Grab bars and correct placement · Hand-held shower, long-handled sponge and non-slip surfaces · Raised toilet seat (toilet riser) · Shower chair and shower stool · Tub transfer bench · Ceiling track lift · Full-body mechanical (Hoyer) patient lift · Gait belt, turning disc and slide sheets · Hospital bed (semi-electric and full-electric) · Sit-to-stand lift (Sara Stedy and powered stand-assist lifts) · Transfer (sliding) board · Trapeze bar, bed rails and leg lifter · Adaptive clothing (magnetic and Velcro closures) · Button hook and zipper pull · Dressing stick · Long-handled shoehorn and no-tie shoelaces · Reacher (grabber) · Sock aid (stocking donner) · Built-up and angled-handle utensils · Jar, bottle and can openers (adaptive) · Liftware Steady and Liftware Level · Nosey (cut-out) cup, two-handled mug and straw aids · Plate guard, scoop dish and non-slip matting · Robotic feeding devices (Obi, Bestic, Neater Eater) · Rocker knife and one-handed cutting board · Weighted utensils and wrist weights · Doorway widening, lever hardware and key accessibility dimensions · Stair lift and vertical platform lift · Walk-in tub and curbless (roll-in) shower · Wheelchair ramps and threshold ramps (the 1:12 rule) · Medication organizers and automated pill dispensers · Writing aids, key turners and book holders
Brain-computer interface for communication · Eye-gaze computer access (Tobii PCEye) · Head-controlled mouse (HeadMouse Nano, Glassouse) · Keyguards, on-screen keyboards and adapted mice · Mouth stick, head pointer and typing aids · Sip-and-puff switch · Speech recognition for computer access (Dragon, Voice Access, Voice Control) · Switch access and scanning · GPS tracking and wandering-prevention technology · Medication reminder systems and automated pill dispensers · Memory notebook and electronic prompting systems (cognitive orthotics) · Mechanical hand controls, steering devices and left foot accelerator · Reduced-effort steering and high-tech driving controls · Wheelchair-accessible vehicle, transfer seats and securement · Dedicated environmental control unit (IR/RF EADL) · Smart speaker and smart-home hub as an EADL · Hearing assistive technology (hearing aids, cochlear implants, remote microphones, amplified phones) · Magnification and wearable vision aids (video magnifier, OrCam) · Screen readers and refreshable braille displays · Communication board and communication book · E-TRAN eye-gaze frame and alphabet board · Partner-assisted scanning · Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) · Dedicated eye-gaze speech-generating device (TD I-Series) · Lingraphica aphasia speech-generating device · PRC-Saltillo Accent device with LAMP Words for Life · Single- and multi-message voice output communication aid · Tablet-based AAC app (Proloquo2Go, TouchChat, TD Snap) · Voice banking, message banking and voice cloning
Kinova JACO assistive robotic arm · Obi robotic feeding device · Back-support occupational exoskeletons and exosuits · Passive shoulder-support occupational exoskeletons · Cyberdyne HAL Lower Limb (Medical HAL) · Ekso Indego (Personal and Therapy) · EksoNR · Keeogo Dermoskeleton · Regional and non-US-marketed lower limb exoskeletons · ReStore Exo-Suit · ReWalk 7 Personal Exoskeleton · Soft powered exosuits (Myosuit and successors) · Wandercraft Atalante X · Wandercraft Eve personal self-balancing exoskeleton · Cost, coverage and access for rehabilitation robotics · Exoskeleton candidate selection and contraindications · High-dose repetitive task practice (the active ingredient) · Robot-assisted versus conventional therapy: what the trials show · AlterG Anti-Gravity Treadmill · End-effector gait trainers (THERA-Trainer lyra, G-EO, Gait Trainer GT I) · Hocoma Lokomat · Motek C-Mill and GRAIL · Overground robotic body-weight support systems (ZeroG, Vector, Andago) · Gloreha hand rehabilitation glove · Hand of Hope EMG-driven hand robot · Hocoma Armeo family (ArmeoPower, ArmeoSpring, ArmeoSenso) · InMotion ARM and ARM/HAND (MIT-Manus) · Mobile arm supports and dynamic arm supports · Neofect Smart Board and Rapael sensor platform · Tyromotion AMADEO, DIEGO and PABLO
3D-printed and CAD/CAM prosthetic sockets · 3D-printed and topology-optimized AFOs · Digital shape capture and CAD/CAM (scanning vs plaster casting) · e-NABLE 3D-printed hands and open-source upper-limb devices · Telerehabilitation platforms · Virtual reality and game-based rehabilitation systems · Electrical stimulation modalities: TENS vs NMES/FES vs IFC vs Russian current · NMES for dysphagia (VitalStim and related protocols) · NMES for quadriceps strengthening and ICU-acquired weakness · NMES/FES for hemiplegic shoulder subluxation · Deep brain stimulation (rehabilitation relevance) · Diaphragmatic (phrenic nerve) pacing · Finetech-Brindley sacral anterior root stimulator (Vocare Bladder System) · Implanted peroneal nerve stimulators (ActiGait, STIMuSTEP) · Sacral neuromodulation and tibial nerve stimulation for the bladder · Spinal cord stimulator for chronic pain (rehabilitation perspective) · Vivistim paired vagus nerve stimulation for chronic stroke · Cala kIQ wrist-worn stimulator for essential tremor · Percutaneous and temporary peripheral nerve stimulation · Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in stroke rehabilitation · Spinal cord stimulation for motor recovery after SCI (ARC-EX and epidural ARC-IM) · Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) · IMU gait-analysis wearables and instrumented knee braces · Orthotic wear-time monitors and remote therapeutic monitoring (RTM) · Smart insoles and temperature-sensing socks for the at-risk foot · Wearable and bedside pressure-injury sensors (SEM scanner, pressure mapping, position sensors) · FES cycling, rowing and hybrid exercise (RT300, RT200, BerkelBike) · MyndMove upper-limb FES therapy (FEST) · Parastep I FES ambulation system · Surface peroneal nerve FES for foot drop: the 2026 device landscape · Xcite2 integrated FES clinical station
Cranial remolding orthosis (helmet) · Dynamic compression and alignment garments (TheraTogs, SPIO, DMO) · Hip Helpers abduction shorts · Pediatric neoprene supports (Benik type) · Protective helmet (seizure and self-injury headgear) · TOT collar (tubular orthosis for torticollis) · Trunk support TLSO and seating jacket for neuromuscular scoliosis · Cascade DAFO family (dynamic ankle-foot orthosis) · Level-based orthotic prescription in myelomeningocele · Night-time hip abduction positioning in cerebral palsy · Serial casting for equinus and post-botulinum toxin casting · Adaptive activity chair (hi-lo positioning chair) · Bath chairs and adaptive toileting systems · Car seats and transport restraints for children with disabilities · Corner chairs and floor sitters · Sidelyer · Sleep systems and night-time postural management · Switch-adapted toys and single-switch access · Adaptive strollers and pediatric transport chairs · Adaptive tricycles and bikes · Early power mobility for infants and toddlers · Gait trainers (supported walkers) · Pediatric manual wheelchair · Pediatric power wheelchair · Posterior (reverse) rolling walker · Prone and supine standers · Sit-to-stand and multi-position standers · Constraint-induced movement therapy casts and mitts · Neoprene thumb abduction splint and supination strap